Musculoskeletal Pain in the Neck and Lower Back Regions among PHC Workers: Association between Workload, Mental Disorders, and Strategies to Manage Pain.

Scientific evidence indicates that workers in the health sector are commonly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal pain. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify the relationship between the presence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain in the neck and lumbar regions reported by Primary Health Care (PHC) workers with workloads and occupational risks, analyze musculoskeletal pain in the presence and absence of self-reported mental disorders based on a medical diagnosis, and identify workers' strategies to manage pain. METHOD: This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health professionals working in PHC outpatient services in the extreme South of Brazil. One questionnaire addressed sociodemographic questions concerning occupation, occupational risks, and mental disorders. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported musculoskeletal pain. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) measured the workload. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: Most (55.3%) participants reported neck and (64.5%) lower back pain in the previous 12 months, and 22.5% and 30.5% reported intense neck and lower back pain, respectively, in the previous 12 months. The results showed different independent associations with increased musculoskeletal pain among health workers. Dentists presented the highest prevalence of neck pain, while female workers presented the highest prevalence of lower back pain. Furthermore, the perception of ergonomic risk and virtually all self-reported mental disorders (except panic syndrome for neck pain) were associated with pain in the neck and lower back regions and a higher frustration level (mental demand). Additionally, professionals with graduate degrees, nurses, and professionals working the longest in PHC services reported seeking complementary therapies more frequently, while physicians and those with self-reported mental disorders self-medicated more frequently.

Saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem: revisando as estratégias de promoção à saúde / The health of nursing professionals: reviewing health promotion strategies / Salud de los trabajadores de enfermería: revisando las estrategias de promoción a la salud

Objective: The study's purpose has been to further understand the health promotion strategies towards nursing professionals. Methods: It is an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach, which is composed of 23 articles that answer the following guiding question: What are the health promotion strategies developed for nursing professionals? Results: The findings were gathered into four strategy groups, as follows: Promoting the Work Planning, which are based on regulating the workload and salary relationship; Promoting Knowledge, which are focused on the professional update through the use of technologies; Promoting Physical Activity, aiming to guarantee the access to physical exercise, both intra and extra the work environment; and, Promoting Integrative and Complementary Practices, indicating music therapy, relaxation techniques and yoga, which together with the other ones might contribute to reduce work stress, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular problems. Conclusion: The work planning can be considered the main strategy of health promotion for nursing professionals, since it is associated with the development of the others

Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias de promoção à saúde para os trabalhadores de enfermagem. Método: Revisão integrativa composta por 23 artigos que respondem a questão norteadora: Quais as estratégias de promoção à saúde, desenvolvidas para os trabalhadores de enfermagem? Aplicou-se uma abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: As estratégias para Promoção da Organização do Trabalho pautam-se na regulação da relação carga de trabalho e salário. As do Conhecimento, na atualização profissional com uso de tecnologias. Já as da Atividade Física, na garantia do acesso ao exercício físico, intra e extra, ambiente de trabalho. As de Promoção de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares indica a musicoterapia, as técnicas de relaxamento e yoga, que em conjunto com as demais, contribuem para reduzir o estresse laboral e problemas musculoesqueléticos e cardiovasculares. Conclusão: A organização do trabalho pode ser considerada a principal estratégia de promoção à saúde para trabalhadores de enfermagem, pois a ela associa-se o desenvolvimento das demais

Objetivo: Conecer las estrategias de promoción a la salud para los trabajadores de enfermería. Método: Revisión integrativa compuesta por 23 artículos que responden a la cuestión orientadora: ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de promoción a la salud, desarrolladas para los trabajadores de enfermería? Se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo. Resultados: Las estrategias para Promoción de la Organización del Trabajo se basan en la regulación de la relación carga de trabajo y salario. Las del Conocimiento, en la actualización profesional con uso de tecnologías. Las de la Actividad Física, en la garantía del acceso al ejercicio físico, intra y extra, ambiente de trabajo. Las de Promoción de Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias indica la musicoterapia, las técnicas de relajación y yoga, que en conjunto con las demás, contribuyen para reducir el estrés laboral y problemas musculoesqueléticos y cardiovasculares. Conclusión: La organización del trabajo puede ser considerada la principal estrategia de promoción a la salud para trabajadores de enfermería, pues a ella se asocia el desarrollo de las demás

Health and Labour from the Perspective of Railway Dock workers in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil / Saúde e Trabalho na visão de trabalhadores da estiva do Porto Ferroviário, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

The main goal of this study is to understand and analyse the perspective of dockworkers on health and labour at the Railway Dry Port of the Municipality of Uruguaiana in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Sixteen dockworkers participated in the study under the methodological approach of qualitative research. The fieldwork was conducted through individual interviews by applying a semi-structured research script with open-ended questions. For the data analysis, the "discourse analysis" method was adopted, leading to the definition of five thematic categories of interpretation. From the perspective of dockworkers, dock work differs in both the weight of toil, which is hard and intense, and the sense of satisfaction regarding the collaborative and collective aspect of labour, emphasising the human side of labour. Several reports on work accidents and the identification of hazards that may be avoided by implementing changes in the organisation and work conditions were also noted.

O objetivo principal deste artigo é conhecer e analisar a visão dos trabalhadores da estiva sobre a saúde e o trabalho no Porto Seco Ferroviário, do Município de Uruguaiana, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram do estudo dezesseis estivadores sob a perspectiva metodológica da pesquisa qualitativa. O trabalho de campo ocorreu mediante a realização de entrevistas individuais, por meio da aplicação de um roteiro de pesquisa semiestruturado com perguntas abertas. Quanto à análise dos dados, foi adotada a técnica de "análise do discurso", chegando-se à definição de cinco categorias temáticas de interpretação. Constatou-se que, na perspectiva dos trabalhadores, o trabalho na estiva se distingue tanto pelo peso da labuta, árdua e intensa, quanto pelo sentido de satisfação no tocante ao aspecto colaborativo e coletivo do trabalho, enfatizando o lado humano do labor. Observaram-se ainda muitos relatos sobre acidentes de trabalho e a identificação de riscos que podem ser evitados mediante a implementação de mudanças na organização e nas condições de trabalho.